Financial Report and Its Relevance to Investment Decision

INTRODUCTION: Financial reporting is the process of recording, evaluating and communicating financial information where as investment involved the allocation of resources to investment proposal whose benefit can be derived in future. Shareholders and investors are concerned with value of their investment and any income they expect to drive from shareholdings. Financial reports give them an account of how directors have handled resources given to them. The company Act specify directors’ emoluments, personal interest in contracts showing shareholders what personal benefits directors have derived from the business. Shareholders may exercise their voting rights on what is shown in the accounts especially when they vote for the appointment†¦show more content†¦Therefore, management still does not pay much attention to the needs of having adequate and useful information before attempting to make an economic decision. IV- Since historical cost method is used throughout the financial often open surfaces during the inflationary period as figures may easily mislead decision makers. 3. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY I- The cardinal objectives of this work is to find out how significant, useful and important is the company’s financial report and statements or information on investment decision. Managers, shareholders, creditors and other interested group seek answers to the following question about a firm: what is the financial position of a firm at a given point in time? How has the firm performed financially over a given period of time? What have been the sources and uses of cash over a given period of time? To answer these questions the following statements have to be considered: balance sheet, profit and loss account, and cash flow statement II- to determine and find out the extent to which the company’s financial information and transaction are prepared and reported, and III- to find out the accounting principles and conventions adopted in the preparation of financial statement. IV- to find out who is responsible for the false information. 4. RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS 1. Financial report is the most reliable tool for a goodShow MoreRelatedFinancial Accounting Essay1139 Words   |  5 PagesFinancial accounting is one kind of accounting different from the management accounting in the accounting system. As management accounting is for â€Å"internal† whereas financial accounting is for â€Å"external†. The following is a detailed explanation and analysis of the major objective and role of financial accounting. 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Negative Effects of Mining in Palawan - 3497 Words

Thesis Statement: The continuous mining in Palawan will cause degradation of the soil, denuding of the forests and extinction of animal and plant species thus lowering its’ biodiversity. Biological diversity, or biodiversity, encompasses the variety and abundance of plants, animals, and microorganisms as well as the ecosystems and ecological processes to which they belong. (Braatz, 1992) The word came from the Latin â€Å"bios† which means life and â€Å"diversitas† which means variety or differences which therefore means variety of life. (Catibog-Sinha, C., Heaney, L. 2006) Biodiversity plays a large role on what the society is possessing today. Its’ significance can be divided into two main aspects: the economic benefits and the services it gives†¦show more content†¦(http://pnni.wordpress.com) Because of the natural resources endowed upon Palawan and the local and global appreciation it gathered, the Senate Bill No. 1358 was created. This declares Palawan as the â€Å"Ecological Tourism Capital of the Philippines† and thus needs ample â€Å"government support† and â€Å"grant of autonomy† for its ecological projects. The said bill banks on the â€Å"right of the people to a balanced and healthful ecology† and protects Palawan from attacks on its natural resources. (Estropia, E. J., 2012) Palawan does not only have distinct species but it also possesses beautiful sceneries that have gathered titles and are well-known around the globe. One of these is the Tubbataha Reef which covers 33,200 hectares and a home to lots of marine life such as manta rays, sea turtles, sharks, tuna, dolphins, jackfish, coral reefs with 300 coral species and 379 species of fish. It is also the one of the most desirable scuba-diving destination in the Philippines. Another is the Puerto Princesa Subterranean River which was chosen as one of the New Seven Wonders of Nature. However, the biodiversity of Palawan is under very high threat. Conservation International has identified Palawan as a site for threatened amphibians, mammals, birds, reptiles, and freshwater fish,Show MoreRelatedEconomy of the Philippines2796 Words   |  12 Pagesand garments; electronics and automobile parts; and business process outsourcing. Most industries are concentrated in the urban areas around metropolitan Manila. Mining also has great potential in the Philippines, which possesses significant reserves of chromate, nickel, and copper. Significant natural gas finds off the islands of Palawan have added to the countrys substantial geothermal, hydro, and coal energy reserves. Todays Economy The Philippine economy seems comparatively well-equipped toRead MoreSustainable Operations2705 Words   |  11 Pagesenergy and power has always been a challenge for the Philippines. Constant exploration and development of local energy resources has increased the country’s self-sufficiency from 45% in 2001 to 50.8% in 2002 through the Malampaya gas field in Northern Palawan and natural gas fired powered plants. (Brown, de Dios, Valderrama. 2005). Different sources of energy has been identified and grown to increase the country’s selfsufficiency. Sources like oil, natural gas, coal, hydro, and geothermal are all beingRead MorePhilippine History3070 Words   |  13 Pagesparty had no opposition i. 1940 elections 1. all 24 senators, all are nacionalista 2. In the lower house, out of the 84 reps, less than 20 are non-nacionalista 3. All provincial governors are Nacionalista Economic Problems -free trade is still in effect -transition should not end in 1946 but in 1954 Aliens in our Economy -Chinese (70% of our economy) -Japanese -Americans and Spanish Solutions a. Immigration law a. Foreigners are given a quota of 500 (sila lang makakapasok sa Phils) b. RetailRead MorePlastic Bag16617 Words   |  67 Pagesnot include: (1) Waste identified or listed as hazardous waste of a solid, liquid, contained gaseous or semisolid form which may cause or contribute to an increase in mortality or in serious or incapacitating reversible illness, or acute/chronic effect on the health of persons and other organisms; (2) Infectious waste from hospitals such as equipment, instruments, utensils, and fomites of a disposable nature from patients who are suspected to have or have been diagnosed as having communicable

Cross Border Mergers and Acquisitions free essay sample

Module Name: Managing in Global Economy Module No. : MM1910 Abstract The literature presents competing theoretical viewpoints about the factors that may potentially be influential in determining the outcome of cross-border Mergers and Acquisitions and therefore this study aims to summarize empirical findings to reach a conjoint result. This done through consideration of factors at structural level and organizational level, ensuring the success of cross-border MAs. The most important factor considered is the organizational culture and national level differences at the structural level in order to minimize the risk factor.Also related primarily to other structure of integration in also important and ensures success to the acquired organization. Introduction Mergers and acquisitions (MAs) have been a very popular strategic movement for global businesses, attaining growth, diversification, or profitability (Fowler and Schmidt, 1988). In fact, the process of cross border MAs that started in the 1980s continued throughout the 1990s until the financial crisis and is still vigorous (Houghton et al. We will write a custom essay sample on Cross Border Mergers and Acquisitions or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page , 2003).Cross-border merger and acquisition (MA) activity has continued to increase at a torrid pace during the past decade and a half, to the point that it has become a major strategic tool for growth of multinational corporations (Cartwright and Cooper, 1993). During the phase of 1980s the number of cross border acquisitions occurring globally has almost tripled. Thus, accounting for a significant proportion of total MA activity by the early 1990s 95 percent in the case of Japanese companies and 50 percent for European Union companies (Morison and Singh, 1994).Observing a temporary slowdown during the recessionary global economy of the early 1990s, the value of cross-border MA reached a record high of US$181. 7 billion within the first nine months of 1996 (The Economist, 1997). There is a essential paradox in the growth strategies of many technology-intensive global companies. For example: Hindalco – Novelis global leaders in aluminium rolling. In addition to internal organic growth – environmental arenas, psychological contracts, integration and speed a – growth by acquisition (merger and acquisition: â€Å"MA†) is often a essential input in part of competitive strategy.Perhaps, it is now widely understood by top level individuals that the post-merger performance of companies has generally i. e. organizational level factors are not implemented in the right way and hence have been poor. The research below discusses about all the essential factors for cross border acquisitions. Literature review The review of literature states that 50- 80 percent of Mergers and Acquisitions have proved financially unsuccessful since 1970’s (Ellis and Pekar 1978, British Institute of Management 1986, Marks 1988.There is evidence of adverse effects of MAs on an array of behaviors and applications: lowered productivity, deteriorate strike records, higher absenteeism, and poorer accident rates (Meeks 1977, Sinetar 1981). Also addressed are the potential conflicts embedded in the differences in motives, perceptions, and values between the two merging organizations. The literature also emphasizes the importance of the integration phase for overcoming these conflicts. Building upon the literature review we further developed the theoretical framework of the current study.The theoretical perspective discusses about the Hofstede cultural dimensions and Porter’s diamond of competitive advantage. The study below discusses the literature of cross border MA’s that addresses integration practices as strategies, before it looks at these strategies within an international context In addition, the study offers a review of the literature that addresses national cultural and organizational cultural theories. With referencing to the example of recent cross- border acquisition of Indian- Atlanta based companies, Hindalco- Novelis which are the global leaders in production of aluminium rolling company.